How do plants primarily absorb water from the soil?

Plants primarily absorb water from the soil through root hairs, which are specialized extensions of root cells. These root hairs increase the surface area of the roots, allowing them to effectively take up water and dissolved minerals from the surrounding soil. The process of water absorption occurs mainly by osmosis, where water moves from an area of higher concentration in the soil to an area of lower concentration in the root cells. The root hairs are essential for this process as they make direct contact with soil moisture, significantly enhancing the plant's ability to absorb water efficiently.

Other parts of the plant play different roles; for instance, leaf stomata are primarily involved in gas exchange and transpiration rather than water absorption. Stem nodes and flower petals do not have a role in absorbing water from the soil. Understanding the function of root hairs is crucial for comprehending how plants maintain hydration and overall health.